High somatic cell count indicates potential issues with what?

• A. Improved flavor.
• B. Lower pasteurization energy use.
• C. Potential quality and safety concerns.
• D. Longer shelf life.

Answer: (C)

High somatic cell count reflects inflammation of the udder, typically from mastitis. When the mammary gland is inflamed, immune cells enter the milk and release enzymes that break down milk components such as proteins and fats. This enzymatic activity can lead to off flavors, poorer milk functionality, and overall lower quality. It also often corresponds with higher bacterial presence and potential antibiotic residues from treatment, which raises safety and regulatory concerns. For these reasons, milk with a high somatic cell count signals potential quality and safety issues.

The other options don’t fit because high somatic cell count does not improve flavor, does not indicate lower energy use in pasteurization, and does not imply a longer shelf life; in fact, the enzymatic activity associated with high SCC tends to shorten shelf life and degrade quality.